Monthly Archives: January 2010

A Few Things

Here are the bits and pieces that I’ve been reading this week.

  • Goodbye Africa: Reflections on a continent – in which departing McLatchy corr Shashank Bengali writes about his domestic staff, but not in the usual expat way. This is moving and heartfelt
  • “I am a British journalist” – in which much missed Khartoum-based blogger Meskel Square returns to the fray
  • Altitudes and other adjustments – in which the  scientifically-illiterate doubters from my time in Nairobi will understand why I used to boil my eggs for an additional two min, compared with the UK
  • Africa United – the new blog for Steve Bloomfield’s book on African football

Jerry Fowler Quits Save Darfur Coalition

There’s a report knocking around that Jerry Fowler, president of the Save Darfur Coalition, is leaving because of “bitter infighting”. This rather aroused my curiosity, given the way David Rubenstein was fired as executive director in 2007. The coalition and wider movement have long been accused of ignoring the realities of Darfur, and of getting in the way of humanitarian efforts on the ground. Diplomats, UN officials and aid workers in Khartoum largely take a dim view of the advocacy movement.

Anyway, in a brief telephone interview, Fowler said it was nothing to do with infighting…

That’s a gross exaggeration. I don’t know where it came from. The simple thing is I’m pursuing other professional options. I’ve been doing genocide and mass atrocities work for 10 years and I want to get into a bigger space.

Nor was it a case of packing it all in, now that levels of killing are much lower than in 2004 when the coalition came together…

I think there’s a lot of work still to be done in Sudan. There’s tremendous vulnerability among civilians in Darfur, there’s increasing violence in Southern Sudan. You have elections coming up which is leading to a lot of instability, so in terms of advocating for peace in Sudan there’s a lot of work to be done.

I’ve had my disagreements with many Darfur advocates. Many know little about the place. And those that should know better seem intent on regime change or have some other motives. That said, the Save Darfur Coalition has done a good job of promoting the cause, and in my opinion, for what it’s worth, Fowler has rather managed to keep the more extreme tendencies at bay.

Clooney And Me

There were three people who declined all requests for interviews for my book: President Omar al-Bashir, Musa Hilal and George Clooney. At least Hilal had the decency to decline my requests. The other two simply didn’t respond. If I had got the chance to ask Clooney a few questions, this is what I would have asked:

  • In a 2007 interview with Time you challenged “dumb pundits” who were concerned about the role of celebrity activists to a debate on Darfur. You had been there, you said, and met all the players. Had you been to Darfur by October 2007, or had you been to South Sudan and Chad?
  • The following year you did travel to Darfur. But was your trip cut short by diarrhoea? A Reuters story was pulled under pressure from your publicity people. And an aide on your trip told me he had put the diarrhoea story about in order to give you more time “under the radar”. So what’s the truth?
  • Do you regret campaigning so hard for the indictment of President Omar al-Bashir, given that it lead to the expulsion of 13 aid groups with a huge impact on victims of sexual assaults and rape?

I didn’t ask Mia Farrow, but I’m pretty certain she would have come down with stomach bugs during her umpteen trips to Chad and Sudan. And I reckon she wouldn’t have had puff teams around her trying to kill the story. (In the interests of full disclosure, my last trip to Darfur was almost aborted when I came down with a stomach bug after a fine evening enjoying the hospitality of Irish peacekeepers in Chad, a sticky state of affairs solved only with half a dozen charcoal tablets.)

Celebrity Advocates

Those of you who have followed this blog over the past few years will know my views on celebrity advocacy. Or more particularly my views of celebrity advocacy as applied to Darfur. Broadly, the likes of Mia Farrow, Matt Damon and George Clooney have done an incredible job of raising awareness, funds and pressure for a solution to Darfur’s myriad conflicts.

Without their work, thousands more people would have died. Without their work, the world’s media would not have descended on the refugee camps in Chad in 2004 to highlight the killing. And without their work, you can be sure that Kofi Annan, Ban ki-Moon, George W Bush, Barack Obama, Tony Blair, Gordon Brown and many others would have spent a lot less time considering the issue. African wars don’t usually matter much to voters. The triumph of the broad advocacy coalition and its celebrities has to turn Darfur into the faraway conflict that people care about (albeit temporarily).

What troubles me though is the crossover from awareness raising to policy advocacy. I disagreed with George Clooney that the priority for Darfur was blue-hatted UN peacekeepers. I disagreed that an arrest warrant for President Omar al-Bashir was the best way to help almost three million people still living in aid camps. And I continue to disagree with Mia Farrow that Khartoum has created genocidal conditions in the camps.

But what we can agree on is that Darfur is a place still filled with terror and one that still needs the world’s attention. So I am particularly pleased that Mia Farrow has managed to look beyond our differences to offer a few words of endorsement for my book…

While I disagree with much of Mr Crilly’s analysis, he provides us with a solid journalistic account of his first-hand experiences in Darfur

It’s Not Always About the Story

Yesterday I posted on what I thought was a rather silly piece about how there were too many journalists in Haiti. My normal position is that few things benefit from less coverage. But I modified that by adding in references to an excellent piece by Andy Kershaw in The Independent. Since then, I’ve spent a day watching CNN. Now normally I’m a BBC World Service man. I find rolling 24-hour television news rather tedious, filled as it is with dull-but-attractive people stating the obvious.  But as I’m temporarily in a Cairo hotel, it’s all I’ve got.

What I have watched from Haiti has been truly horrifying. Not the misery of the Haitian people, whose lives have been turned upside down by an horrific earthquake, but the way Karl Penhaul reported on looters shot dead by police.

Now I believe a reporter’s primary duty is to report. A good reporter should be dispassionate, taking a step back to observe and add context. Emotion is often best put to one side in the interests of protecting focus. A good journalist lets the story tell itself. There is no need to add yourself and your emotions to the story. Your audience does not need that. Powerful stories do not need the reporter’s wide eyes or adjectives.

It is important to remain outside the story. It is unfair to criticise reporters in miserable surroundings who don’t distribute food, water or medicine. That is not their job. Taking stories away, bearing witness and making the world aware is more useful work for a journalist.

But there are limits.

There are times when your intervention can save a life.  To video Gentile Cherie as he lay dying, to package a report and to speak in outraged tones about how his body was left on the sidewalk for hours is to overstep that mark. What sort of man stands with his eye on a watch to criticise how long the body is left without doing anything?

Reporters aren’t there to save the world. But I hope CNN is asking serious questions about what happened.

UPDATE

For a discussion of the decisionmaking that led to this report, see CNN’s Backstory. In some ways though, I think it raises more questions that it answers

Covering a Crisis

Interesting debate on coverage of Haiti and the aid operation. I was rather unimpressed by this view, from The New Republic…

…in Haiti, the dozens of redundant dispatches are stressing an already perilously fragile situation, as all the journalists scrambling to get into the country chew up valuable capacity and resources. Surely there’s a better way.

The better way, Noam Scheiber goes on to say, is to pool coverage – for one team to be allowed access and for coverage to be spread through other media organisations, a common practice during dull Royal visits, say, or in situations where it might be too dangerous to have multiple teams roaming around.

When it comes to openness and access, like most journalists I’m usually in favour of more coverage not less. There’s a nice rebuttal here too about how Haitians have welcomed journalists who have come to tell their stories. In general, few things are improved by reduced coverage. That was until I read Andy Kershaw’s powerful critique of media stereotyping and the failings of the aid response. After describing the BBC’s Matt Frei as an ”incongruously ample figure around Port-au-Prince”, he goes on to pour scorn upon the alternate realities of Frei’s words compared with the pictures.

Over the weekend we saw him anticipating an outbreak of unrest, standing before a crowd of thousands of hungry, humiliated Haitians as they waited, patiently and quietly, to be given rations by UN soldiers. Their dignity and stoicism seemed to escape Frei who was, in any case, looking away from them while ranting about the inevitability of looming bloodshed – conspicuously unlikely, judging from the evidence of his own report. (When he is not almost tumescent about violence, Frei speculates and pontificates pompously to camera, or booms at earthquake victims in French. Most Haitians don’t speak French. They speak Creole).

Next in his sights are the aid agencies, for their obsessions with security, logistics and procedure in a country that Kershaw has grown to love through discovering its music over decades of visits, a country, which though poor and troubled, is not peopled by savages…

These obsessions indicate not only a self-serving and self-important careerist culture among some, though not all, aid workers (although wide experience of the profession in Haiti and across Africa tells me it is more common than donors would like to think), but that the magnitude of the crisis has paralysed them into a gibbering strike force of box-tickers. Most worryingly, it reveals that many – even selfless – NGO workers on the ground haven’t a clue about the country and its people.

It’s powerful stuff. If we are have to have a “disaster pool” will someone please make sure Andy Kershaw is in it?

A Mint Idea

In the annals of good ideas, Somalia’s plan to print money would be a conspicuous absentee. However, this appears to be exactly what the Transitional Federal Government – currently in control of two Mogadishu blocks, 300 camels and a Panamanian-registered tugboat (I made that up, but you get the picture) – is planning to do. With militias rampaging through the country, trucks filled with notes from the mint in Sudan should be perfectly safe as they trundle back and forth to Somalia’s network of banks. What could possibly go wrong?

Well, the government of Puntland has a couple of ideas. Maybe it is splitting hairs (perhaps an economist could let me know whether any of this matters) but in its view, and falling some way short of the sort of can-do attitude Somalia so badly need, it says…

The plan to mint new currency lacks legal backing and poses grave dangers to the fragile Somali economy when one considers the following: a) the nonexistence of monetary policy by the Central Bank of Somalia ; and b) the absence of statistical knowledge of money, finance, banking and financial market indicators.

Hmm. A case of not seeing the woods for the trees if you ask me.

But, when I started to search for more details I stumbled across this charming numismatics site detailing commemorative coins produced in the name of Somalia.

Nothing else appeared until various 1998 dated commemorative series. The main examples of these are various series of crown-sized types in denominations 25 Shillings and 250 Shillings, known to be made by the Tower Mint, a private mint in Great Britain. Different themes covered include “A History of World Shipping”, “Wildlife of Somalia and East Africa”, “Significant Events of Modern Times”, “Millenium Icons” and even “World’s Most Popular Cats”. Most of these series used some sort of multi-colour techique to apply a design to the central area of the reverses – some may find the results less than attractive.

(The emphasis is mine.) I, for one, can’t wait to see the newly commissioned notes. What can we expect? The mind, frankly, boggles.  Suggestions anyone?

Somalia and Yemen

Unhappy new year in Somalia. This just in from the UNHCR…

The number of Somali casualties and displaced civilians continues to grow as fighting in central areas of Somalia rages on. Since the beginning of the year, fighting and general insecurity have displaced an estimated 63,000 people in Somalia.

As the world wakes up to Yemen’s problems and parallels are drawn with two decades of misery in Somalia, let’s hope that the right lessons are being learned. Basically that…

  • Solutions have to come from the grassroots up – top-down solutions, such as throwing in support for an unpopular government, will cause more harm than good
  • Sometimes you have to do deals with unpleasant people – if that means backing the Islamic courts or paying cash to tribal warlords in pursuit of the bigger picture, then maybe that’s what you have to do
  • Extremist ideologies are just that, they are on the extremes – few Somalis or Yemenis support extreme Islam, but many will care about national or local struggles. Don’t allow Al Qaeda recruiters the chance to conflate the two
  • Al Qaeda is as much a philosophy as a terrorist organisation – and you can’t bomb philosophies out of existence

It is failure to observe these points that leaves Somalia so messed up. Yemen starts from a different position. As has been widely pointed out, it is not (yet) a failed state. Fingers crossed it doesn’t follow Somalia into failed, and then post-failed.

What They’re Saying About Saving Darfur III

Today it’s Adam Mynott, who served as BBC East Africa Correspondent for four years on Saving Darfur

The crisis in Darfur is complex, multi-layered and has its roots deep in history.  It is not, as it is often portrayed, a straightforward issue of good versus bad. Rob Crilly has spent more time than any other journalist I know travelling in and out of the region to piece together his analysis; his vast experience informs this book and lifts it head and shoulders above other attempts to explain what has plunged Darfur into disaster.

Odds and Sods